A test to determine a newborn's physical health.  It is done 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth.  Scoring is based on five factors that refer to how well the infant is able to adjust to life outside the womb.  A doctor, Virginia Apgar, MD, created the system to tell quickly which infants require treatment right away or transfer to an intensive care nursery.  Ratings are based on Appearance - skin color; Pulse - the infant's heart rate, Grimace - reflexes, Activity - muscle one and Respiration - breathing.